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Thanks to written records, direct archeological evidence, and images found on pottery remains, a pretty full view of instrumental music in ancient Greece can be constructed.

As far as the instruments in ancient Greece, three appear to be the most important and widespread: the aulos, lyre, and kithara. The Greeks also used harps, plucked string instruments, panpipes, horns, and an early form of an organ, as well as an assortment of percussion instruments.

Mesopotamia, the general area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, was the land where civilization began. This region was home to several of the most significant early civilizations, including the Sumerians, the very first. Because this is where the first true cities and writing began, this is where the first detailed records of instrumental music can be found.